Toyota Land Cruiser

Toyota Land Cruiser Prado is a model designation used in Japan, Pakistan, Australia, South Africa, Middle East, Southeast Asia and Latin America as well as other parts of the world for medium-duty, mid-sized four-wheel drive cars in the Toyota Land Cruiser line. They are produced by the Japanese car maker Toyota Motor Corporation. The car is marketed in many other parts of the developing world, such as the Caribbean and large parts of Africa.

In Europe it is sold as simply the Toyota Land Cruiser LC3, LC4 or LC5 (depending on the generation) or with the number series designation (LC 70, LC 90 and LC 120). In North America it is not part of the Land Cruiser range, being instead sold as the Lexus GX 470, with nearly identical body panels and a V8 engine.

The current Prado is based on Toyota's J150 platform. Previous models were based on the J70, J90 and J120 platforms. All models designated Prado feature front independent suspension, ladder frame and a two-speed transfer case.

The Toyota Land Cruiser Prado is available in GX, GXL and VX spec versions. The GX is the entry level model, while the VX is the more luxurious version. In most markets it is available with either a 4.0 L petrol V6 or a 3.0 L Diesel engine. In some European countries there are commercial van variants, based on the short wheel base chassis.

his generation was available in some markets since October 2009. There are two base versions: a five-door variant and a three-door variant. The five door variant in the general market is offered in TXL & VXL grades - which are much more option packed. This generation of Prado features advanced 4WD capabilities and an array of electronic gadgets.

For dual tank configuration vehicles, the fuel tank capacity was reduced from 179 to 150 litres compare to the J120. The removable third row three-seaters of the J120 were replaced by fold-into-floor seats which seat only two people - which is also responsible for a loss of cargo capacity and usable height in the cargo compartment. On the higher end VX and Kakadu models, there are six camera positions enabling viewing to the front and down, to the side both front and rear, and to the rear. The engine remained the same, although the gear change points were altered for maximum fuel economy rather than maximum perfoemnce, even in Sports mode.

This model is available with a rear mounted spare tire or under-floor mounted spare wheel, depending on the market. For example, UK market vehicles have the spare wheel mounted under-floor, while in Australia the spare wheel is mounted on the rear door. Having the spare wheel mounted on the rear door allows the addition of an auxiliary fuel tank, which is desirable in countries like Australia where long distance journeys are common.

Hummer in AcTiOn..

Hummer was a brand of trucks marketed since 1992 by AM General when it began selling the civilian version of the M998 High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV or Hum-Vee).

In 1998 General Motors purchased the brand name and marketed three vehicles: the original Hummer H1, based on the military High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV, or Humvee), and the Hummer H2 and the Hummer H3 models that were based on other, smaller civilian-market GM platforms.

The business viability of the Hummer brand was under review by GM management since 2008. The brand was not transferred to Motors Liquidation Company as part of the GM bankruptcy in 2009; instead, it was retained by GM in order to investigate selling the brand.

Chinese automaker Sichuan Tengzhong Heavy Industrial Machinery Company announced in 2009 that it would acquire the Hummer brand, pending government approvals. However, the Chinese industrial equipment maker withdrew its bid after failing to win approval from Chinese regulators.^[1] According to Reuters, the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China rejected the deal on February 24, 2010,^[2] but a spokesperson for ministry denies that it rejected the application that has been stalled for eight months.^[3]

At the end of February 2010, General Motors announced it would begin dismantling the Hummer brand.^[4] Two days later, the automaker announced it had been approached with new offers for the brand after the deal with Sichuan Tengzhong could not be completed.^[5]

By April 2010, any sale of the brand became unlikely as inventory was depleted and Hummer dealerships began shutting down.^[6] After filling a rental car fleet order, the last Hummer H3 rolled off line at Shreveport on May 24, 2010

``` wOrld's mOst eXpensive car :: citrOen ```

BMW EfficientDynamics

For decades, BMW has made the reduction of emissions and fuel consumption a key part of its product development strategy, just as enhancements to the dynamic ability of each BMW have been a lasting, sustained brand value. BMW's EfficientDynamics engineering philosophy - the pursuit of an enhanced, athletic driving experience while simultaneously lowering the consumption and emissions of each vehicle - resulted in the most dramatic drop in fleet consumption of any automaker from 1990 through 2005, according to an Environmental Defense study.

Now, the BMW Vision concept car clearly demonstrates that the EfficientDynamics objectives are fully compatible when applied to a sports car. Conceived as a 2+2-seater with plug-in full-hybrid technology, this unique car combines the performance of a BMW M vehicle with a standard of fuel efficiency and emission management that exceeds even the current levels achieved by the latest small cars. This outstanding result is made possible by the combination of BMW ActiveHybrid components with an extremely economical combustion engine, and outstanding aerodynamic qualities.